I recently received an e-mail with advice (supposedly) from Dr. Vinay Goyal MBBS, MD, DM on the prevention of H1N1 "swine flu." The advice seems simple and practical. As India is a country with a very large population, I would imagine the doctors there know a thing or two about virus transmission.
I immediately searched Dr. Goyal's name to verify that it is real advice and to see if he had it posted on the internet. On the one hand, I did find Dr. Goyal's bio page, but I could not find the swine flu advice published directly by him. Also, his credentials on his bio page are different from the credentials on the e-mail (and dozens of blog reproductions of the e-mail). I did try to e-mail Dr. Goyal, but the e-mail address on his bio page is not active. When I figured out the misspelling in the e-mail address, I attempted to contact Dr. Goyal again. He replied:
Dear
Thanks for writing to me
First of all, this article is not written by me, and probably written by some one with same name
I think this article has no authenticity. Kindly protest article written for public without proper autherization
regards
Dr Vinay Goyal
One of the pages I found included comments from readers who suggested the advice matched closely with folk remedies passed on for generations. It is my opinion that someone published their family folk remedies and attributed them to a doctor far away who would never know the difference.

The e-mail read:
Dr. Vinay Goyal is an MBBS,DRM,DNB (Intensivist and Thyroid specialist) having clinical experience of over 20 years. He has worked in institutions like Hinduja Hospital, Bombay Hospital, Saifee Hospital, Tata Memorial etc.
Presently, he is heading our Nuclear Medicine Department and Thyroid clinic at Riddhivinayak Cardiac and Critical Centre, Malad (W).
The following message given by him, I feel makes a lot of sense and is important for all of you to know:
The only portals of entry are the nostrils and mouth/throat. In a global epidemic of this nature, it's almost impossible not coming into contact with H1N1 in spite of all precautions. Contact with H1N1 is not so much of a problem as proliferation is.
While you are still healthy and not showing any symptoms of H1N1 infection, in order to prevent proliferation, aggravation of symptoms and development of secondary infections, some very simple steps, not fully highlighted in most official communications, can be practiced (instead of focusing on how to stock N95 or Tamiflu):
1. Frequent hand-washing (well highlighted in all official communications).
2. "Hands-off-the-face" approach. Resist all temptations to touch any part of face.
3. Gargle twice a day with warm salt water (or listerine). H1N1 takes 2-3 days after initial infection in the throat/nasal cavity to proliferate and show characteristic symptoms. Simple gargling prevents proliferation. In a way, gargling with salt water has the same effect on a healthy individual that Tamiflu has on an infected one. Don't underestimate this simple, inexpensive and powerful preventative method.
4. Similar to 3 above, clean your nostrils at least once every day with warm salt water. Not everybody may be good at Jala Neti or Sutra Neti, but blowing the nose hard once a day and swabbing both nostrils with cotton buds dipped in warm salt water is very effective in bringing down viral population.
5. Boost your natural immunity with foods that are rich in Vitamin C. If you have to supplement with Vitamin C tablets, make sure that it also has Zinc to boost absorption.
6. Drink as much of warm liquids as you can. Drinking warm liquids has the same effect as gargling, but in the reverse direction. They wash off proliferating viruses from the throat into the stomach where they cannot survive, proliferate or do any harm.
Items 1 and 2 are standard advice for flu prevention. Hand washing is widely recognized as the first line of defense against spreading germs. I found the following CDC recommendation on WebMD. It describes a practical way for parents to teach flu prevention to their kids (and it works for adults too):
The CDC recommends teaching kids to sing the "Happy Birthday" song twice while washing their hands with soap and water, so that they wash their hands for 20 seconds. Another CDC suggestion: Tell kids to stay at least 6 feet away from people who are sick.
Likewise, keeping germy hands away from the face is a good practice that has been advised for years.
Items 3 and 6, Gargle with warm salt water and drink hot liquids, may sooth a sore throat, but I can not find proof that they kill the influenza virus in the nose or throat. At least this advice (if it has not prophylactic effect) is harmless--just don't swallow the salt water. YUCK.
Item 4, cleaning the sinuses with salt water, is another example that can help relieve symptoms, but I have not found research to directly support prevention of the flu. I get sinus infections and I know that the neti pot (used for nasal irrigation) works wonders for my symptoms. Interestingly enough, I did see where saline (salt water) drops can remove virus and bacteria from the nose so this tip sounds like a good one; however, I did not find anything to support swabbing the nostrils with salt water.
Item 5, Vitamin C, is proven to fight cold viruses but I could not find any evidence that it effects flu viruses. As with other supplements, the body will metabolize it better in it's natural state (directly from fruits or vegetables) than from a pill.
WebMD offers more insight on home remedies for viruses through articles on Natural Remedies and Mom's Cold and Flu Advice.
Additionally, a number of herbs are supposed to help fight the flu, but users should show caution: some herbs can increase or decrease the effectiveness of prescription medicines. If you use a prescription medication, check with your doctor before using herbal remedies.